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First Certificate in English - Grammar. Modal Verbs (2)
Grammar
certainty, probability and possibility
We use modal verbs to talk about certainty, probability and possibility. Here are examples: see table 3
Table 3
- We use will to express a strong probability that something is true, especially when we don't have actual evidence at that moment:
That'll be Maria on the phone - she said she'd call.
- We use must to express complete certainty:
That must be Maria on the phone - she's the only person with my new number.
- We can also use had to be meaning 'must have been' to express certainty in the past:
She had to be the person I saw on the train.
- We use can / could or will / would to form questions:
Who can that be on the phone?
Who would have phoned so late?
- We can use modal verbs of possibility to refer to the past, present or future:
Don't drink it- it could / may / might be poisonous. (= present)
It can't
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